塔斯肯袭击者（Tusken Raiders）

caterpillar

Tusken Raiders 塔斯肯袭击者

Homeworld:
Tatooine
母星：
塔图因

Size:
1.8 meters
身高：
1.8米

Weapon:
gaderffii
武器：
加德菲

Vehicle:
bantha
座驾：
班萨

Diet:
omnivorous
食性：
杂食

电影



Fearsome desert savages inhabiting the rocky Jundland Wastes, Tusken Raiders are the foremost reason Tatooine colonists do not wander far from their isolated communities. Extremely territorial and xenophobic, Tusken Raiders will attack with very little provocation. They show no allegiance to even their native world-mates, as these nomads have attacked Jawa scouting parties on occasion. They have even gathered numbers large enough to attack the outskirts of smaller towns like Anchor head.
塔斯肯袭击者是可怕的沙漠野人，住在岩石构成的绛德兰荒地里。他们是塔图因殖民者不会远离自己孤立社区的首要原因。塔斯肯袭击者极端地寸土不让和敌视外界，会因为一点非常小的摩擦而大打出手。他们不与任何人结盟，即使是同星球的土著人也不例外，因为这些游牧民有时还攻击贾瓦人探险队。他们甚至还纠集了一大帮人去攻打周围的小镇，比如锚头镇。

Covered from head-to-foot in tattered rags and robes, Tusken Raiders -- or Sand People as they are also known -- brandish a deadly bladed club known as a gaderffii. They also carry projectile rifles with which to shoot at passing vehicles. The male of the species tend to be the aggressors. Females can be distinguished by their elaborate jeweled masks with eyeslits and torso-covering sand-shrouds. Tusken children wear unisex cowls and simple cloaks.
塔斯肯袭击者——或者又被称为沙民——从头到脚都裹在破布和长袍里，挥舞一根叫做加德菲的致命带刃棍棒。他们也携带射弹步枪，用它们射击过往的交通工具。这个种族的男人倾向于当进攻者。如果一个塔斯肯人的面具上被精巧地镶以珠宝、有观察裂隙和裹住身体的防沙袍，那她一定是女性。塔斯肯人的儿童穿着不分性别的兜帽和简单的长袍。

For transportation, Sand People have domesticated the hardy bantha -- a longhaired spiral-horned quadruped also found on Tatooine. These nomads purposely travel in single file, to conceal their numbers.
为了运输，沙民们驯养了强壮的班萨——这种长着螺旋形角的长毛四足兽在塔图因也有。这些游牧民故意成单列行进，以隐瞒他们的人数。

衍生宇宙



So dangerous are the Tusken Raiders that few xenobiologists are brave enough to venture close to them. What little information that exists on the nomadic brutes is often contradictory and incomplete. Indeed, there are those in official government positions that question the relative sentience of the Tusken Raider altogether. Alien-rights activists, however, believe that such claims are being made to justify the indiscriminate slaughter of the Sand People and the acquisition of their land.
塔斯肯袭击者非常危险，以至于几乎没有异族生物学家敢靠近他们。与这群野蛮游牧民相关的现存信息极少，而且经常自相矛盾，残缺不全。事实上，在官方政府中任职的某些人质疑过塔斯肯袭击者是否完全拥有智慧，然而，异族权利积极分子相信，这种质疑是为了合法化对沙民的无差别屠杀，以及对他们土地的攫取。

The current leading theory is that the Sand People are the descendents of the Ghorfas, a society that built caves within the cliffs of Tatooine. Their civilization collapsed when offworld settlers disrupted their water supply, leading to their current nomadic existence.
当下主流理论认为，沙民是戈尔法人的后裔。戈尔法人是一个曾在塔图因峭壁上开凿洞穴的社会。外星殖民者破坏他们的水源供应后，他们的文明衰退了，导致他们进入当前的游牧生活状态。

Tatooine colonists had already established a number of communities on the desert world before running into the Sand People. One such outpost was Fort Tusken, northwest of Mos Eisley. The settlers inadvertently constructed their fort on land sacred to the nomads. The resulting Sand People attack was brutal. The name Tusken Raider, along with their fearsome reputation and the Sand People-outlander tension were indelible outcomes of that bloody day.
在遭遇沙民前，塔图因殖民者已在这个沙漠世界建立了许多社区。其中之一被称为塔斯肯要塞，位于莫斯艾斯利西北方。当地居民无意中把他们的要塞建在了游牧民的圣地上。这导致了沙民的野蛮攻击。“塔斯肯袭击者”这个名称，连同他们的可怕名声和与外乡人的紧张关系，都是那个血腥日子过后不可磨灭的后果。

Tuskens live a strictly ritualized life. Among their sacred tenets is a rich oral history told by a venerated raider known as the storyteller. The storyteller must recount the detailed Tusken tradition verbatim at each telling -- it is considered blasphemy to botch a single word. Such a crime results in instant death and the appointment of a new historian. Tuskens travel in family groups of 20 to 30 individuals and their banthas. Tusken life is harsh and deadly -- as is the desert environment that bore them. Tusken youths are taught the dangers of desert survival at a young age. They must pass through an arduous rite of passage before being accepted as adults. Such trials could include hunting and slaying a krayt dragon or raiding an outlander camp.
塔斯肯人过着严格仪式化的生活。他们的神圣信条之一就是丰富的口授历史，这由一位被称为“故事讲述者”的德高望重袭击者讲述。在每次讲述中，故事讲述者必须逐字详述塔斯肯人的传统——修补一个字都会被认为是一种亵渎。这种罪行将导致讲述者当即被处死，一位新的历史学者将被任命。塔斯肯人以家族群为单位出行。每个家族群由20到30个人及他们的班萨组成。塔斯肯人的生活艰苦而致命——如同养育他们的沙漠环境。年轻的塔斯肯人从小就被告之沙漠生存的危险。他们必须通过艰巨的成年人仪式才能被接纳为成年人。这种考验可能包括猎杀一条克雷特龙或袭击一个外乡人的营地。

The strangest aspect of the Tusken Raider is the mysterious relationship with the bantha. The bantha and its rider are intrinsically linked, as if on a telepathic level. A tribe member who has lost his bantha is considered incomplete and an outcast. Similarly, when a raider dies, his mount becomes frenzied and suicidal. Such crazed banthas are set loose in the desert.
塔斯肯袭击者的最奇特之处就是他们与班萨的神秘联系。班萨及其骑乘者有内在联系，好像是心灵感应层面的。一名丢失班萨的部落成员会被认为是不完整的，会被放逐。类似地，当一名袭击者死去时，他的坐骑也会变得狂乱和有自杀倾向。这种疯狂的班萨会被放归沙漠。



Tuskens are strongly divided among gender lines. The females tend to the camps while the males hunt and fight. As children, Tusken youngsters -- called Uli-ah, wear unisex garments that conceal their entire bodies, making it impossible to visually determine the gender of a child. Once each year, all newly recognized adults are paired for life in a ceremony that involves the mixing of the blood of husband and wife, and their respective bantha mounts. Sheltered in a privacy of tent, the Tusken couple then slowly unwrap their bindings to see their true forms. Only their mate is allowed to know a Tusken's true appearance; an accidental glimpse of an unwrapped Tusken warrants a blood duel.
塔斯肯人的性别界限极其分明。女性偏向照顾营地，而男性则去狩猎和战斗。儿童，即被称为乌利-阿的少年塔斯肯人，只穿中性外衣，完全遮盖身体，人们无法从外观上分辨一个儿童的性别。所有被新近认可的成年人会在每年一次的仪式中找到终生伴侣，他们在仪式中融合夫妇双方及其班萨坐骑的血液。然后，在帐篷的私密保护下，塔斯肯人夫妇慢慢宽衣解带，现出他们的真实形态。只有配偶才能知道一个塔斯肯人的真实外表；无意瞥见没穿衣物的塔斯肯人会导致一场血斗。

幕后



The Tusken Raiders first appear in the third draft of the Star Wars screenplay, though a scene very much like the one in A New Hope can be found in the opening of the first draft. Annakin Starkiller, looking through a pair of electrobinoculars, is surprised by a sudden Sith attack, as Luke is surprised by the Tusken.
塔斯肯袭击者最早出现在《星球大战》剧本第三稿，但在第一稿的开头有一个场景非常像《新的希望》里的那一幕。与塔斯肯人偷袭卢克类似，安纳金·弑星者在用电子望远镜观察时，遭到突如其来的西斯袭击。

Concept artist Ralph McQuarrie fashioned the bandaged mask look as a functional answer to desert survival in dust storms. George Lucas described the Tuskens to McQuarrie as desert nomads, not unlike the Bedouin people.
概念画家拉尔夫·麦夸里设计了绷带缠绕的面罩外观，将其作为一种应对沙尘暴的沙漠生存实用措施。乔治·卢卡斯向麦夸里描述了塔斯肯人，称他们为沙漠游牧民，类似于贝都因人。